Quiz to “Why the Singapore Convention matters”

Which of the below falls in the scope of the Singapore Convention? (more than one answer may be correct)

The German citizen Rolf hits and hurts the Singaporean citizen Kenny. They enter into a mediation. Assume that both countries have signed and ratified the Singapore Convention. If they mediate their dispute, could an MSA in writing arising out of that mediation fall within the scope of the Singapore Convention?

Two Korean companies jointly invested in a company based in Indonesia. While things go well first and they reap huge benefits from their investment, they run into problems after a few years and a dispute emerges. They refer their dispute to mediation and after a week of meetings in Seoul, Korea, enter into a settlement agreement in writing. Could the mediated settlement agreement be enforced in Indonesia under the Singapore Convention? (assume that Korea and Indonesia are Singapore Convention members states)

A Vietnamese citizen purchases a new computer from China so that she can play new computer games. After using the computer for just two weeks, it breaks. The Chinese company suggests that they go to mediation because a MSA arising from such mediation would be enforceable in both countries under the Singapore Convention – contrary to a judgement. Is the Chinese company correct in its statement? (assume that Vietnam and China are Singapore Convention members states)

European company A and Asian company B are involved in an arbitration. At the initial meeting, the arbitrator proposes that they parties consider a mediation. For the sake of convenience, the arbitrator conducts the arbitration herself and the parties reach an agreement soon. They arbitrator renders an award by consent with the content of the mediated settlement agreement. Can the parties enforce the MSA under the Singapore Convention? (assume that there are only Singapore Convention member states involved)

Can an MSA be enforced if the mediator has not signed it?

What are the two main requirements that must be met to rely on an MSA? (more than one answer may be correct)

Which of the below is an absolute must to evidence that the settlement agreement resulted from mediation? (more than one answer may be correct)

Which of the below is a ground to refuse enforcement of an MSA under the Singapore Convention? (more than one answer may be correct)

According to the Singapore Convention, does a court have to refuse enforcement if the MSA is not binding?

Assume that country A and B have a treaty for judicial assistance (the “Bilateral Treaty for Judicial Assistance”). This includes enforcing MSAs from the respective other country without any limitation of the use of other treaties. A company from country A and one from country B settle their commercial dispute in an international mediation. Under which legal instrument can they enforce the MSA?

May a state declare that it shall not apply the Singapore Convention to settlement agreements to which it is a party, or to which any governmental agencies or any person acting on behalf of a governmental agency is a party, to the extent specified in the declaration?

How many reservations can parties to the Singapore Convention make?